The production of biobutanol from bioethanol via the Guerbet reaction is an important process for improving the valorization of biomass into new generation biofuels. The objective of this thesis is to develop new catalysts based on mixed oxides which allow this reaction in the liquid phase. The starting formulation is the CuMgAl mixed oxide of hydrotalcite type. Partial or total substitutions in the Cu and Al sites by Ni and/or Co and Ce and/or La respectively will be studied. A modulation of the microstructure will also be studied by synthesizing these oxides using different synthesis routes (NPG, alginate, etc.). Once synthesized, the oxides will be characterized by classic XRD, SEM, BET/BJH, ATG, high-resolution TEM methods, but also by TDP of NH3 and CO2 in order to determine the quantity of acidic and basic sites. The synthesized catalysts will then be tested in the Guerbet reaction of ethanol in the liquid phase, in a batch reactor, the products being analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry to determine the ethanol conversion rates. but also the selectivity of the conversion to butanol. After an initial screening, complete kinetic studies will be carried out on the 2 or 3 most promising formulations by varying all the parameters (temperature, quantity of catalysts, moisture absorber, etc.). Post-reaction characterizations will be carried out to study possible deactivation of the catalysts by coking phenomena. Finally, it will be considered to develop a continuous process in order to overcome the disadvantages of a discontinuous batch process.